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However, with implicit logrolling, each voter is "on record" only for the entire package. With explicit logrolling, each voter must go "on record" as voting for each program. One piece of legislation, one vote per legislator. In this case once piece of legislation contains both a tax on running shoes, favored by Representative Ben, and funds to finance solar powered bicycles, supported by Representative Adam.
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The basic presumption of logrolling is that neither program will obtain the necessary majority of the votes needed for passage on their own accord. For example, legislator A agrees to vote for legislator B's pet project as long as legislator B agrees to vote for legislator A's favorite program. That is, logrolling occurs when each of two people agree to vote for the other's project to ensure that both are passed. Trading VotesLogrolling is really nothing more than the trading of votes, usually among legislative representatives, to ensure a favorable outcome of two more decisions or issues.
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The criterion for enacting legislation is only the effectiveness of the vote trading process. Legislators are not particularly concerned with how the issues affect the overall satisfaction of wants and needs among members of society. The problem with logrolling, whether explicit or implicit, is that it has nothing to do with an efficient allocation of resources. In many cases, though, logrolling is implicit, in which two or more issues are combined into a single piece of legislation. Logrolling is occasionally explicit, in which each of two or more legislators agree to cast separate votes on separate issues. Logrolling is often considered to be "politics as usually," as politicians do a bit of compromising, negotiating, arm twisting, backroom maneuvering, and behind the scenes manipulating. Logrolling is a common practice among voting government legislators to ensure the passage of specific laws laws that would not necessarily be passed independently. Logrolling can generate either an efficient or an inefficient allocation of resources, meaning that efficiency is irrelevant to the logrolling process. Implicit logrolling is when two separate programs or policies are combined into a single package, which is then subject to a single vote. Explicit logrolling is when each of two voters agree to cast separate votes for two separate programs. Logrolling is commonly used when neither decision is able to obtain the necessary majority of the votes needed for passage on their own accord. Logrolling occurs when each of two people agree to vote for the other's project to ensure that both are passed. LOGROLLING: The trading of votes to ensure a favorable outcome for two or more separate decisions. Labor and many urban public utilities, such as water distribution and sewage disposable, also tend to fall into the local category. Natural resources of the land, such as soil fertility, weather conditions, mineral deposits, tend to have the greatest local orientation. At the other end of the spectrum lies transferrable inputs. Like many things, local inputs are a matter of degree. The high transportation cost means it is easier (that is, less expensive) to locate the production activity near the input rather than trying to bring the input to the production activity. LOCAL INPUT: An input that has a relatively small geographic market area due to the high cost of transportation. AmosWEB means Economics with a Touch of Whimsy!